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中國石油廣西石化煉化一體化轉型升級項目,翻開了發展新篇章!

發表時間: 2022-12-05 16:32:55

作者: 石油化工設備維護與檢修網

瀏覽: 1369

欽州是我國廣西壯族自治區北部灣經濟區的海陸交通樞紐,是“一帶一路”南向通道陸海節點城市、中國—東盟自由貿易區的前沿城市,擁有既是深水海港亦是國家保稅港的欽州港。

優越的地理位置,深厚的產業基礎,使這里成為石化產業發展的沃土。17年前,中國石油天然氣股份有限公司廣西石化分公司在此落戶,引領帶動一批知名石化企業集聚八桂大地。如今,廣西石化煉化一體化轉型升級項目啟動建設,翻開了廣西石化產業綠色化、高端化發展的新篇章。

北部灣畔,一朵扎根欽州、面朝大海、向海圖強的“海上花”正含苞欲放。

高屋建瓴的產業布局

當前,我國石化工業已進入高質量發展階段,但仍存在煉油產能過剩、大宗石化產品占比較高、高端和高附加值產品占比較低、碳減排難度大等問題。如何立足石化產業鏈現有的基礎和優勢,找準產業鏈供應鏈上的堵點、斷點,進行精準穩鏈、補鏈、強鏈?作為石油和化工領域原創技術“策源地”和現代產業鏈“鏈長”,中國石油積極推進煉化一體化轉型升級,確保公司在高質量發展之路上行穩致遠。  

廣西石化煉化一體化轉型升級項目的啟動就是一步高屋建瓴的好棋。

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廣西石化煉化一體化轉型升級項目建設現場全景

該項目位于欽州港經濟技術開發區石化園區金鼓片區,總投資約305億元,包括新建120萬噸/年乙烯裂解裝置等14套化工裝置,200萬噸/年柴油吸附脫芳等2套煉油裝置,配套新建和改造部分煉油裝置單元以及相應的公用工程、儲運和輔助生產設施,主要生產聚乙烯、聚丙烯、合成橡膠和乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)等產品。項目計劃2024年底陸續中交,2025年全面建成投產。按照原油價格60美元/桶測算,項目投產后每年可增加工業產值112億元,增加稅收17.6億元,減少成品油349萬噸,新增化工產品306萬噸。

對中國石油而言,該項目是其推動“減油增化”調結構的戰略性項目,是響應國家“一帶一路”倡議、建設西部陸海新通道、參與區域全面經濟伙伴關系協定(RCEP)國際競爭的關鍵項目。項目投產后,將助推廣西石化邁入由“燃料型”向“化工產品和有機材料型”轉化,實現綠色低碳和數字化轉型、智能化發展的新階段;緩解中國石油華南、西南地區成品油銷售壓力,發揮現有煉油資產創效能力;還可充分利用中國石油西南、華南區域煉化業務的協同優勢,增加區域競爭力。同時,項目的實施標志著廣西、欽州的石油和化工產業高質量發展、綠色低碳發展、集群式發展踏上新起點。

以合成橡膠制品為例,多年來,中國石油分配華南地區苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SBS)產品約3萬噸/年,溶聚丁苯橡膠(SSBR)產品不足1萬噸/年,東南亞市場無SSBR/SBS產品輸入。然而,相較于目前華南地區約60萬噸/年、東南亞高達275萬噸/年的消費量,中國石油SSBR/SBS輸入嚴重不足,市場占有率低,產品品牌效應對下游企業影響弱。

廣西石化煉化一體化轉型升級項目的20萬噸/年SSBR/SBS裝置共有4條生產線(一條6萬噸/年連續聚合SSBR生產線、一條6萬噸/年間歇聚合SSBR生產線和兩條各4萬噸/年的SBS生產線),計劃2025年建成。項目投產后,廣西石化將充分發揮庫存成本低、物流成本低、運輸時間短、市場反應快等優勢,使橡膠產品覆蓋中國華南、西南及東南亞等地市場,培育建設中國石油新的SSBR/SBS發展核心區和產業集聚區。

全面謀先的競爭優勢

知己知彼,百戰不殆。

全方位的競爭優勢是廣西石化煉化一體化轉型升級項目落地生根的保障。為此,中國石油從原料、技術、市場等多個方面做了細致的調研和考察。

首先,項目乙烯原料來源廣泛、供應靈活穩定、成本低廉,具有很強的競爭力。廣西石化原油加工能力達1000萬噸/年,主要煉油裝置規模達到世界主流水平,通過減油增化改造即可實現原料自給自足。同時,項目原料外購渠道也十分豐富。欽州港石腦油接卸能力可達100萬噸/年;園區現有液化氣碼頭(屬東華能源)接卸能力達80萬噸/年;園區規劃建設的公用液化烴碼頭還可接卸丙烷、丁烷、乙烯、丙烯等輕烴原料。此外,入園企業還可進行原料互供。例如桐昆集團可提供石腦油約172萬噸/年;上海華誼欽州丙烷脫氫項目每年也可提供40萬~100萬噸正丁烷資源。

其次,項目工藝技術先進、成熟、可靠,在生產高端牌號優質產品的同時,還能有效降低成本,具有強大的競爭力。據介紹,項目工藝裝置均為世界級規模,聚烯烴技術來自尤尼維訊(Univation)、利安德巴賽爾(LyondellBasell)等國際知名專利商,乙烯、丁二烯、裂解汽油加氫、甲基叔丁基醚(MTBE)/1-丁烯、1-己烯等生產技術為國內自有技術,從而在確保工藝技術先進、成熟、可靠的同時,實現效益最大化。

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渣油加氫裝置技術員在現場查找問題

而在產品競爭力方面,項目采用大規模、低成本、差異化產品戰略,生產國內高端產品。從財務評價數據來看,與同類石化企業同口徑對標,項目產品在成本和利潤方面具有較強的競爭力。以合成橡膠為例,對比吉林石化和蘭州石化的乳聚丁苯工藝,廣西石化選擇了工藝技術更加環保、能耗更低的溶聚丁苯工藝,可滿足綠色低碳要求。同時,為更好應對與獨山子石化的產品同質化的問題,廣西石化立足于中國石油在國內SSBR/SBS市場現有技術和成熟產品,以打造官能化SSBR以及氫化SBS等新材料為目標進行生產,推動中石油溶聚丁苯橡膠產品升級換代,促進輪胎、瀝青改性、制鞋、膠黏劑等下游應用領域發展。

再次,在市場方面,該項目地處中國最大石化產品消費市場之一的華南市場,臨近目標市場的最終消費客戶。項目擁有較好的區位交通優勢和外部依托條件,物料進出廠方便快捷,有利于降低建設成本、減少投資風險;而憑借世界級生產規模,還可實現大包裝和靈活運輸,有效降低包裝費用和運輸成本,縮短調配周期。據介紹,廣西石化固體化工產品可當天到達目標市場,庫存成本低、物流成本低、運輸時間短、市場反應快。例如,目前廣西石化在該區域銷售聚丙烯產品較東北、西北地區煉廠效益高500元/噸以上。

值得一提的是,項目還可發揮中國石油區域和產業協同優勢,與廣東石化統籌優化乙烯下游,包括“兩聚”(聚乙烯、聚丙烯)產品牌號設計,乙烯、丙烯、苯乙烯、丁二烯等原料互供,共同實現高端化、差異化發展。

最后,項目所在園區配套能力完備、環保容量充足。目前園區已入駐上海華誼、國家電力投資集團、新加坡勝科水務、蘇伊士環境、北部灣國際港務集團等知名化工企業23家,可提供氮氣、蒸汽、電力和工業原水供應,以及污水處理、危廢處理、物流運輸等優質配套服務。園區二氧化硫(SO2)、氮氧化物(NOX)、化學需氧量(COD)排放年許可容量分別為8061噸、3268噸、35296噸,遠高于廣西石化目前實際年排放量(分別約為551噸、1644噸、74噸),并可基本為廣西石化所用。

向綠而生的建設理念

欽州是紅樹林和白海豚的故鄉,向綠而生的理念,從一開始就植入項目建設的全流程。

廣西石化深入學習并全面貫徹習近平生態文明思想,始終把安全環保工作擺在各項工作的首位。公司堅定落實創新、資源、市場、國際化、綠色低碳五大發展戰略,在項目總體方案制定、裝置工藝路線確定、公用工程方案優化等方面,推動能源資源集約利用和碳減排,通過采取節能型工藝流程、實施余熱綜合利用等多種措施控制能源消耗,從原料端減少碳源輸入,配置節能環保型石化產品。

據悉,該項目二氧化碳排放總量核算約為520萬噸/年(含凈購入電力和熱力隱含二氧化碳排放)。項目從原料、產品鏈、工藝技術、能源利用等方面推進二氧化碳減排。

在原料端,項目積極利用液化石油氣、石腦油等低碳原料,從原料端實施源頭降碳。同時,項目配置節能環保型溶聚丁苯橡膠等產品,積極推進節能型石化產品的應用。

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廣西工匠付沖(左)在裝置現場為員工講解技術難題

采用先進生產工藝是節能減排的重要手段。項目采用節能型流程,優化過程參數(如轉化率、回流比、循環比等),提高裝置操作彈性,改進反應操作條件,降低能量消耗;采用高效分餾塔、換熱器、空冷器等節能設備,并提高單體設備的生產能力。例如,乙烯裝置采用大型裂解爐技術,優化裂解爐空氣預熱、換熱流程,應用中低溫余熱利用等多項裂解爐集成技術,從工藝環節實現節能降耗減排。

項目還采取各種措施降低能源消耗(主要為燃料、電力和蒸汽消耗)。一是對乙烯裝置等重點裝置采取節能降耗措施。如采用先進的節能工藝技術、高效的節能設備、高效催化劑等。據測算,項目乙烯裝置噸乙烯產品能耗遠遠優于《乙烯裝置單位產品能源消耗限額》(GB30250-2013)規定的610千克標油先進值,達到國內領先水平。二是各裝置加熱爐均采用清潔燃料,同時改進燃料系統,提高加熱爐效率、減少燃料消耗。三是對供熱系統和蒸汽系統進行優化設計,實現能量利用優化和蒸汽的逐級利用以及低溫余熱回收,提高電氣化率。

此外,在用電方面,項目也積極推進能源轉型和應用“綠電”。根據2021年5月24日召開的“廣西壯族自治區人民政府辦公廳關于研究中國石油廣西石化煉化一體化轉型升級乙烯項目建設工作會議”及欽州市政府召開的專題會議精神,地方政府將通過核電、風電(海上90萬千瓦+陸上125萬千瓦)、光伏等多種手段,實現該項目“綠電”供應。

據設計管理部副主任李寬介紹,在碳減排方面,廣西石化提早開展了大量準備工作:統計企業碳排放底數,建檔立冊;跟蹤和監測企業碳排放量,完善計量體系;做好新建項目能效評估和碳排放評估;積極統籌規劃企業(園區)碳中和發展戰略,提供有時間節點的碳中和方案;參與全國碳市場建設,推動企業向綠色低碳轉型。

含苞待放的海上“金花”

廣西石化煉化一體化轉型升級項目從籌備伊始,就承載了諸多關懷和期待,不僅備受中國石油集團重視,更得到了廣西壯族自治區黨委、自治區政府,欽州市委、市政府的共同支持。

項目2022年6月20日經國家發展改革委、工業和信息化部同意儲備轉規劃,6月21日通過自治區核準,7月15日可研獲中國石油集團公司批復。7月28日上午,項目正式啟動。廣西石化結合場地詳勘、試夯、強夯、成品油及原水管線遷移等工作計劃,加強與自貿區欽州港片區的對接溝通,有序推進用地征拆和場地平整工作。

據工程管理部負責人許建樞介紹,項目占地4620畝,新征土地4530畝。其中,為節約土地資源,從廣西石化代管單位廣西東油瀝青有限公司拆除14套報廢裝置共計856畝作為項目用地。廣西石化以“安全拆除、綠色環保”為目標,按照第一批拆除8套裝置、第二批拆除6套裝置的方案,統籌開展報廢裝置拆除工作。

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廣西石化夜景

裝置拆除難度大、工程量多、危險性高。為確保拆除作業安全進行,廣西石化提前謀劃,自2021年下半年開始,就著手統計擬報廢裝置資產明細,為資產評估打下基礎;對報廢裝置設備及管線進行通風、放空、吹掃、置換、隔斷,做好拆除現場條件準備;利用水泥、填沙、水封等實施硬封堵,切斷地面與地下污油、污水井、管線等連通渠道;通過電纜改線、整體搬移、局部調整等方式,完全切斷報廢裝置的電源線、儀表線。

2022年4月13日,廣西石化將第一批報廢裝置掛網競拍,選出拆除承包商;4月29日起,完成現場準備及交接工作,裝置陸續交付,開始施工。拆除過程中,廣西石化強化作業環節監管,抓好事故隱患排查和整治。他們采用區域圍蔽封閉化作業管理,利用機械化剪切機、吸盤機等設備進行拆除作業,按照伐樹原理精準計算、精確定位,實現了所有高塔、反應器、煙囪、框架放倒定位零誤差。8月5日,第一批8套報廢裝置拆除工作全部完成,用時僅4個月。

據了解,廣西石化煉化一體化轉型升級項目實質性動工的目標和時間已經確定,現場已進入大規模巖土勘察工程施工階段。據悉,工程用地共劃分為21個勘察區塊,需勘探4000多個勘探點,相關工作正在進行中,地勘鉆機也已由最初的6輛陸續增至40輛。按照工期要求,最終勘察報告將在60天內分區、分批提交。

當新的一年春風吹起時,這朵擔負著助力中國石油轉型升級、提振地方經濟增長、引領行業高質量發展使命,承載著各方殷切期望的海上“金花”將一點點吐出花蕊、綻開花苞,怒放出絢爛的未來。

主站蜘蛛池模板: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 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