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獨(dú)山子石化塔里木石化分公司丁烯-1裝置檢修結(jié)束 一次開車成功

發(fā)表時間: 2022-12-05 16:41:53

作者: 石油化工設(shè)備維護(hù)與檢修網(wǎng)

瀏覽: 1062

11月22日,在獨(dú)山子石化公司塔里木石化分公司丁烯-1裝置現(xiàn)場,工作人員正緊張有序地對設(shè)備進(jìn)行調(diào)試,中控室內(nèi)大家緊盯監(jiān)控屏幕,密切關(guān)注著各項(xiàng)數(shù)據(jù)的波動情況。在投入催化劑的5個小時后,裝置反應(yīng)器建立負(fù)荷,按期實(shí)現(xiàn)檢修后一次開車成功。目前,裝置生產(chǎn)負(fù)荷穩(wěn)步至60%,日產(chǎn)丁烯-1在50噸以上。

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此次投產(chǎn)是丁烯-1裝置歷經(jīng)大量技改技措后的第一次開工,也是對檢修期間實(shí)施的30項(xiàng)技改技措成果的有效檢驗(yàn)。

由于停工檢修期間技改項(xiàng)目多、工藝流程及部分管線實(shí)施優(yōu)化要求高,此次開工極具挑戰(zhàn)性。為此,塔里木石化分公司提前謀劃、統(tǒng)籌安排,多次組織召開開工準(zhǔn)備工作討論會,細(xì)化開工方案,梳理現(xiàn)場流程,系統(tǒng)分析開工過程中可能出現(xiàn)的問題,精心制訂應(yīng)急措施。

因目前疫情防控形勢復(fù)雜,檢修現(xiàn)場每天安排專人進(jìn)行消殺,作業(yè)人員均穿戴防護(hù)服,嚴(yán)格防控。全密度聚乙烯生產(chǎn)部積極調(diào)整班組倒班模式,為丁烯-1裝置一次性開工成功保駕護(hù)航。

丁烯-1裝置包括聚合反應(yīng)系統(tǒng)、產(chǎn)品分離系統(tǒng)、溶劑干燥系統(tǒng)、產(chǎn)品緩存及公用工程系統(tǒng)。裝置由中國石油化工研究院開發(fā),具有自主知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的新型乙烯二聚工藝,其原料來源于全密度聚乙烯裝置精制乙烯,產(chǎn)品聚合級丁烯-1用作全密度和高密度聚乙烯裝置的共聚單體,具有反應(yīng)誘導(dǎo)期短、催化劑活性高、丁烯-1選擇性強(qiáng)的特點(diǎn)。

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此次丁烯-1裝置檢修后順利投產(chǎn),將為高密度聚乙烯和全密度聚乙烯裝置提供自產(chǎn)原料,節(jié)約了丁烯-1外購和本部互供的成本。

丁烯-1生產(chǎn)及下游產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈

我國最早的丁烯-1分離裝置是齊魯石化公司從日本瑞翁公司引進(jìn)的生產(chǎn)能力1.5萬噸/年裝置,經(jīng)過多年的消化吸收,整套設(shè)備現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)國產(chǎn)化。此后,蘭化公司和天津石化等地建設(shè)了多套丁烯-1分離裝置生產(chǎn)合格丁烯-1產(chǎn)品,裝置規(guī)模日益擴(kuò)大。我國丁烯-1產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)能力情況見下表:

中國主要1-丁烯生產(chǎn)裝置原料路線統(tǒng)計

序號

公司名稱

生產(chǎn)能力

工藝路線

1

天津聯(lián)合化學(xué)有限公司

0.6

乙烯二聚

2

大慶石化公司

0.76

C4分離

3

蘭州石化公司

0.80

C4分離

4

中原乙烯有限公司

1.00

C4分離

5

撫順石化公司

1.00

C4分離

6

盤錦石化公司

1.00

乙烯二聚

7

獨(dú)生子乙烯公司

1.00

C4分離

8

茂名石化公司

1.50

C4分離

9

揚(yáng)子石化公司

1.50

乙烯二聚

10

齊魯石化公司

1.50

C4分離

11

吉林石化公司

2.40

C4分離

12

寶豐能源集團(tuán)

4.23

C4分離

13

中沙(天津)石化有限公司

5.00

C4分離

14

中煤榆林公司

6.00

C4分離

丁烯-1的下游利用領(lǐng)域 

PE聚合單體

丁烯-1最主要的用途是作LLDPE(包括HDPE)的共聚單體,使共聚物的抗撕裂強(qiáng)度、抗沖擊強(qiáng)度和使用壽命等性能得以改善。其中,在LLDPE生產(chǎn)工藝中,共聚單體的加入量一般為8%~10%(質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)),在HDPE中,加入量為1%~2%。目前國外的先進(jìn)PE技術(shù)已經(jīng)開始采用較高級的α-烯烴共聚單體替代丁烯-1,丁烯-1作為共聚單體比例已降到30%以下,但由于原料來源、技術(shù)等問題,國內(nèi)丁烯-1在較長時間內(nèi)依然是應(yīng)用最多的共聚單體原料。

聚丁烯-1

聚丁烯-1(PB)是由丁烯-1單體聚合而成的一種熱塑性樹脂,是半透明、無色、無臭固體,分子結(jié)構(gòu)規(guī)整。它的突出優(yōu)點(diǎn)是抗蠕變性、耐環(huán)境應(yīng)力開裂和抗沖擊性能十分優(yōu)異。聚丁烯-1主要應(yīng)用于管道材料,薄膜材料和防水卷材,素有“塑料中的黃金”美譽(yù)。

國外對聚丁烯-1的研究較早,巴塞爾、日本三井公司和韓國艾聯(lián)公司掌握該技術(shù)并有多套工業(yè)化裝置。

Basel公司采用了新的聚合生產(chǎn)工藝在荷蘭建成年產(chǎn)量4.5萬t的生產(chǎn)裝置。2008年,Basell公司又對在荷蘭的 PB-1生產(chǎn)規(guī)模進(jìn)行擴(kuò)建,使其年產(chǎn)量達(dá)到了 6.7 萬t,現(xiàn)已開發(fā)出多牌號產(chǎn)品。

2010 年,經(jīng)過多年自主研發(fā),韓國艾聯(lián)公司采用全新技術(shù)和生產(chǎn)體系,年產(chǎn)量為8000 t,成功產(chǎn)業(yè)化PB-1。同年該公司被韓國愛康理美特公司全面收購。愛康理美特公司因此成為第三家具備自主產(chǎn)權(quán)規(guī)?;a(chǎn)PB-1。在2011年,愛康生產(chǎn)的PB-1 開始進(jìn)入中國市場。但與Basell公司、日本三井公司相比其在中國市場 PB-1占有量仍較小 。

國內(nèi)山東東方宏業(yè)與青島科技大學(xué)聯(lián)手開發(fā),并于2014年初建成國內(nèi)第一套 PB-1生產(chǎn)裝置,但生產(chǎn)規(guī)模較之國外仍較小,大約為 5 kt/a,2016年東方宏業(yè)又新建一套規(guī)模號稱5萬噸/年,但由于產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量不夠穩(wěn)定,市場認(rèn)知度較低。

2013年山東滕州瑞達(dá)投資13億人民幣,引進(jìn)美國IP公司的技術(shù),建設(shè)年產(chǎn)能6萬噸聚丁烯-1項(xiàng)目(一期3萬噸/年),2015年8月開工建設(shè),目前處于投料試生產(chǎn)階段。

2008年底,天津石化引進(jìn)100萬t級乙烯項(xiàng)目并欲通過引進(jìn)Basell公司技術(shù)來生產(chǎn)PB-1,但該項(xiàng)目沒有成行。

2010年,黑龍江省齊化集團(tuán)通過改造現(xiàn)有的產(chǎn)量為2萬t/a的聚丙烯生產(chǎn)裝置試生產(chǎn)PB-1 樹脂。但結(jié)果并未達(dá)到預(yù)期。   目前,由鎮(zhèn)海煉化聯(lián)合北京化工研究院、華東理工大學(xué)等單位開展的高等規(guī)度聚丁烯-1項(xiàng)目已進(jìn)入基礎(chǔ)設(shè)計階段,工業(yè)示范裝置預(yù)計在2018年底建成投產(chǎn)。

1,3-丁二烯

1,3-丁二烯是制造合成橡膠、合成樹脂、尼龍等的重要原料,在石化烯烴原料中的地位僅次于乙烯和丙烯。丁二烯生產(chǎn)順丁橡膠、丁苯橡膠、SBS彈性體的消費(fèi)占比分別為31%、28%、20%,合計占比達(dá)79%。另外,生產(chǎn)ABS樹脂占比16%。

由于全球烯烴原料輕質(zhì)化趨勢日益明顯,碳四原料供應(yīng)將日趨緊張。目前,國內(nèi)由丁烯氧化脫氫生產(chǎn)丁二烯的技術(shù)開發(fā)蓬勃發(fā)展,惠生工程自主研發(fā)了丁烯氧化脫氫生產(chǎn)丁二烯的技術(shù),并已于2014年首次應(yīng)用于山東玉皇的7萬噸/年丁烯氧化脫氫生產(chǎn)丁二烯改造項(xiàng)目。2017年11月與南京誠志簽訂了10萬噸/年的丁二烯裝置總承包合同。

丁烯-1齊聚

丁烯-1齊聚產(chǎn)品的開發(fā),為丁烯-1利用開辟了廣泛的應(yīng)用前景。丁烯-1齊聚的產(chǎn)物C8= 和C12= ,其中1-辛烯和碳十二烯用于制造LLDPE共聚單體。齊聚得到的產(chǎn)品還可與異丁烯聚合成低分子聚合物,可作粘合劑、不干膠、潤滑油添加劑等。由此可開發(fā)一系列精細(xì)化工產(chǎn)品。

國外,日本Nissan公司開發(fā)了Ni系均相催化過程工藝。美國UOP和德國Huls公司聯(lián)合開發(fā)的Octol工藝。

其它精細(xì)化學(xué)品

丁烯-1還可以生產(chǎn)諸多精細(xì)化學(xué)品,國外用丁烯-1生產(chǎn)正丁基硫醇、正丁基氧化物等精細(xì)化工產(chǎn)品。世界各國丁烯-1的應(yīng)用情況也不同,美國、西歐與日本用于生產(chǎn)仲丁醇和甲乙酮的丁烯-1的量占丁烯-1消費(fèi)比例的60%左右。還可用于生產(chǎn)庚烯、順丁烯二酸酐(順酐)等。

丁烯齊聚再經(jīng)羰基化生產(chǎn)異壬醇,是優(yōu)良的增塑劑鄰苯二甲酸二異壬酯的主要原料,國內(nèi)僅茂名石化一套18萬噸/年的異壬醇裝置。

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